![]() DOIĮarth Sciences, Engineering, Fluid Dynamics, Geophysics and Seismology, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Physics Keywords We conclude that near-source tsunami hazards and risk from strike-slip faulting need to be re-evaluated. Furthermore, our model identifies three distinct phases in the tsunamic motion an instantaneous dynamic phase, a lagging coseismic and a classical postseismic phase, each of which may affect coastal areas differently. These findings point to intrinsic mechanisms for sizeable tsunami generation by strike-slip faulting, which do not require complex seismic sources, landslides, or complicated bathymetry. We show that dynamic focusing and the large horizontal displacements, characteristic of strike-slip earthquakes on long faults, are critical drivers for the tsunami hazard. Our results suggest that supershear ruptures propagating along strike-slip faults, traversing narrow and shallow bays are prime candidates for tsunami generation. The three-dimensional time-dependent vertical and horizontal ground motions from spontaneous dynamic rupture models are used to drive boundary motions in the tsunami model. To this end, we have developed a computational framework that integrates models for earthquake rupture dynamics with models of tsunami generation and propagation. Herein, we demonstrate that ground motions due to strike-slip earthquakes can contribute to the emergence of large tsunamis (>1m) under rather generic conditions. Strike-slip faulting has generally been believed as insufficient for triggering large tsunamis, except through the generation of submarine landslides. In: Hancock PL (ed) Continental deformation.Tsunami generation from earthquake induced seafloor deformations has long been recognized as a major hazard to coastal areas. Woodcock NH, Schubert C (1994) Continental strike slip tectonics. Woodcock NH, Fischer M (1986) Strike-slip duplexes. Woodcock NH (1986) The role of strike-slip fault systems at plate boundaries. Wicox RE, Harding TP, Seely DR (1973) Basic wrench tectonics. Twiss RJ, Moores EM (2007) Structural Geology, 2nd edn. Tchalenko JS (1970) Similarities between shear zones of different magnitudes. Tchalenko JS (1968) The evolution of kink bands and the development of compression textures in sheared clays. Tapponnier P, Peltzer G, Armijo R (1986) On the mechanics of the collision between India and Asia. Tapponnier P, Molnar P (1977) Active faulting and tectonics in China. Sanderson DJ, Marchini WRD (1984) Transpression. Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie, und Päleontologie, Part B:354–368 Riedel W (1929) Zur Mechanik geologischer Brucherschei-nungen: ein Beitrag zum Problem der “Fiederspälten”. Moody JD, Hill MJ (1956) Wrench-fault tectonics. Molnar P, Tapponier P (1975) Cenozoic tectonics of Asia: effect of a continental collision. Mandl G (1988) Mechanics of tectonic faulting. Kugler J, Waldron JWF, Durling PW (2019) Fault development in transtension, McCully gas field, New Brunswick, Canada. Harland WB (1971) Tectonic transpression in Caledonian Spitsbergen. Gilliland WN, Meyer GP (1976) Two classes of transform faults. J Geophys Res 77:4432–4460įreund R (1974) Kinematics of transform faults. In: Dickinson WR (ed) Tectonics and Sedimentation, Society of Economic Paleontologist and Mineralogists Special Publication, vol 22, pp 190–204įitch TJ (1972) Plate convergence, transcurrent faults, and internal deformation adjacent to Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific. J Struct Geol 23:1457–1486Ĭrowell JC (1974) Origin of late Cenozoic basins in southern California. Tectonophysics 309:1–25Ĭarreras J (2001) Zooming on northern cap de Creus shear zones. ![]() Bull Geol Soc Am 77:439–441īurg JP (1999) Ductile structures and instabilities: their implication for Variscan tectonics in the Ardennes. Special Publications 37, 386pīurchfiel BC, Stewart JH (1966) “Pull-apart” origin of the central segment of Death Valley, California. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists. J Geol Soc India 82:474–484īiddle KT, Christie-Blick N (1985) Strike-slip deformation, basin formation and sedimentation. Tectonics 1:91–105Bīhattacharya AR, Singh SP (2013) Proterozoic crustal scale shearing in the Bundelkhand massif with special reference to quartz reefs. Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh, 206pĪydin A, Nur A (1982) Evolution of pull-apart basins and their scale independence. Anderson EM (1951) The dynamics of faulting and dyke formation with application to Britain, 2nd edn. ![]()
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